Dr Stuart Langley

Dr Stuart Langley

Lecturer in Inorganic Chemistry

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0161 247 1453
E407 John Dalton Building

Research outputs

My work focuses on the synthesis of new inorganic coordination complexes, with an emphasis on the magnetic applications of mono- and polynuclear compounds. Synthetic strategies rely on developing new ligands, new reaction conditions and new metal combinations, paying particular emphasis on 3d-4f, 4f and 4d/5d-4f complexes. The main technique we use to determine the molecular structures of our compounds is via X-ray Crystallography. By measuring the diffraction patterns formed from an X-ray beam passing through a crystal of our product we can determine its precise molecular structure. The strong synthetic approach is combined with in depth physical studies, allowing for the magnetic characterization of these molecules. This is achieved mainly via SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) and EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) magnetic measurements. Collaborative work with theoretical chemists and physicists is often employed to help interpret our data as well as with synthetic organic chemists in the area of ligand design and synthesis. Single-molecule magnetsMagnetic coolant materials (magnetic refrigeration).Magneto-structural correlations

  • Journal articles

    Chauhan, D., Vignesh, K.R., Swain, A., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Shanmugam, M., Rajaraman, G. (2023) 'Exploiting Strong {CrIII-DyIII} Ferromagnetic Exchange Coupling to Quench Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization in a Novel {CrIII2DyIII3} Single-Molecule Magnet.' Crystal Growth and Design, 23(1) pp. 197-206.

    Swain, A., Martin, R., Vignesh, K.R., Rajaraman, G., Murray, K.S., Langley, S.K. (2021) 'Enhancing the barrier height for magnetization reversal in 4d/4f Ru III 2 L III 2 “butterfly” single molecule magnets (Ln = Gd, Dy)viatargeted structural alterations.' Dalton Transactions, 50(35) pp. 12265-12274.

    Ashtree, J.M., Borilović, I., Vignesh, K.R., Swain, A., Hamilton, S.H., Whyatt, Y.L., Benjamin, S.L., Phonsri, W., Forsyth, C.M., Wernsdorfer, W., Soncini, A., Rajaraman, G., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S. (2021) 'Tuning the Ferrotoroidic Coupling and Magnetic Hysteresis in Double-Triangle Complexes {Dy3MIIIDy3} via the MIII-linker.' European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2021(5) pp. 435-444.

    Robertson, T.B.R., Antonides, L.H., Gilbert, N., Benjamin, S.L., Langley, S.K., Munro, L.J., Sutcliffe, O.B., Mewis, R.E. (2019) 'Hyperpolarization of Pyridyl Fentalogues by Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE).' ChemistryOpen, 8pp. 1-9.

    Langley, S.K., Vignesh, K.R., Gupta, T., Gartshore, C.J., Rajaraman, G., Forsyth, C.M., Murray, K.S. (2019) 'New examples of triangular terbium(iii) and holmium(iii) and hexagonal dysprosium(iii) single molecule toroics.' Dalton Transactions, 48(41) pp. 15657-15667.

    Dobzhenetskiy, A., Gater, C.A., Wilcock, A.T.M., Langley, S., Brignall, R.M., Williamson, D.C., Mewis, R. (2019) 'Utilisation of the static Evans method to measure magnetic susceptibilities of transition metal acetylacetonate complexes as part of an undergraduate inorganic laboratory class.' Chemistry: Bulgarian Journal of Science Education, 28(3) pp. 339-350.

    Vignesh, K.R., Martin, R., Miller, G., Rajaraman, G., Murray, K.S., Langley, S.K. (2019) '{MnIII2LnIII2} (Ln = Gd, La or Y) butterfly complexes: Ferromagnetic exchange observed between bis-μ-alkoxo bridged manganese(III) ions.' Polyhedron, 170pp. 508-514.

    Langley, S.K., Vignesh, K.R., Moubaraki, B., Rajaraman, G., Murray, K.S. (2019) 'Oblate versus Prolate Electron Density of Lanthanide Ions: A Design Criterion for Engineering Toroidal Moments? A Case Study on {Ln III6 } (Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) Wheels.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 25(16) pp. 4156-4165.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Gartshore, C.J., Borilović, I., Forsyth, C.M., Rajaraman, G., Murray, K.S. (2018) 'Rationalizing the sign and magnitude of the magnetic coupling and anisotropy in dinuclear manganese(iii) complexes.' Dalton Transactions, 47(34) pp. 11820-11833.

    Langley, S.K., Vignesh, K.R., Holton, K., Benjamin, S., Hix, G.B., Phonsri, W., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2018) 'Mononuclear dysprosium(III) complexes with triphenylphosphine oxide ligands: Controlling the coordination environment and magnetic anisotropy.' Inorganics, 6(2)

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Swain, A., Moubaraki, B., Damjanović, M., Wernsdorfer, W., Rajaraman, G., Murray, K.S. (2018) 'Slow Magnetic Relaxation and Single-Molecule Toroidal Behaviour in a Family of Heptanuclear {CrIIILnIII6} (Ln=Tb, Ho, Er) Complexes.' Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 57(3) pp. 779-784.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2018) 'Understanding the Mechanism of Magnetic Relaxation in Pentanuclear {MnIVMnIII2LnIII2} Single-Molecule Magnets.' Inorganic Chemistry, 57(3) pp. 1158-1170.

    Vignesh, K.R., Soncini, A., Langley, S.K., Wernsdorfer, W., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2017) 'Ferrotoroidic ground state in a heterometallic {CrIIIDyIII6} complex displaying slow magnetic relaxation.' Nature Communications, 8(1)

    Aranburu Leiva, A.I., Kaur, M., Benjamin, S.L., Jones, A.M., Langley, S.K., Mewis, R.E. (2017) '1,8-bis(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)-4,11-dibenzyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane.' Molbank, 4

    Hooper, T.N., Langley, S.K., Gómez-Coca, S., Lorusso, G., Ruiz, E., Murray, K.S., Evangelisti, M., Brechin, E.K. (2017) 'Coming full circle: constructing a [Gd6] wheel dimer by dimer and the importance of spin topology.' Dalton Transactions, 46(31) pp. 10255-10263.

    Upadhyay, A., Das, C., Vaidya, S., Singh, S.K., Gupta, T., Mondol, R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G., Shanmugam, M. (2017) 'Role of the Diamagnetic Zinc(II) Ion in Determining the Electronic Structure of Lanthanide Single-Ion Magnets..' Chemistry: A European Journal, 23(20) pp. 4903-4916.

    Gupta, S.K., Langley, S.K., Sharma, K., Murray, K.S., Murugavel, R. (2017) 'Pentanuclear Lanthanide Mono-organophosphates: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism..' Inorganic chemistry, 56(7) pp. 3946-3960.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2017) 'Exploring the Influence of Diamagnetic Ions on the Mechanism of Magnetization Relaxation in {CoIII2LnIII2} (Ln = Dy, Tb, Ho) “Butterfly” Complexes.' Inorganic Chemistry, 56(5) pp. 2518-2532.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Gartshore, C.J., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2017) 'What Controls the Magnetic Exchange and Anisotropy in a Family of Tetranuclear {Mn2IIMn2III} Single-Molecule Magnets?.' Inorganic Chemistry, 56(4) pp. 1932-1949.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2017) 'Quenching the Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization in Heterometallic Octanuclear {TMIII4DyIII4} (TM=Co and Cr) Single-Molecule Magnets by Modification of the Bridging Ligands and Enhancing the Magnetic Exchange Coupling.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 23(7) pp. 1654-1666.

    Mewis, R.E., Aranburu Leiva, A.I., Benjamin, S.L., Langley, S.K. (2016) 'Crystal structure of 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenol.' Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications, 72pp. 1614-1617.

    Vaidya, S., Tewary, S., Singh, S.K., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Lan, Y., Wernsdorfer, W., Rajaraman, G., Shanmugam, M. (2016) 'What Controls the Sign and Magnitude of Magnetic Anisotropy in Tetrahedral Cobalt(II) Single-Ion Magnets?.' Inorganic Chemistry: including bioinorganic chemistry, 55(19)

    Upadhyay, A., Das, C., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Srivastava, A.K., Shanmugam, M. (2016) 'Heteronuclear Ni(ii)-Ln(iii) (Ln = La, Pr, Tb, Dy) complexes: Synthesis and single-molecule magnet behaviour.' Dalton Transactions, 45(8) pp. 3616-3626.

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2016) 'Enhancing the magnetic blocking temperature and magnetic coercivity of {Cr III 2 Ln III 2 } single-molecule magnets: Via bridging ligand modification.' Chemical Communications, 52(73) pp. 10976-10979.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2015) 'Large Hexadecametallic {MnIII-LnIII} Wheels: Synthesis, Structural, Magnetic, and Theoretical Characterization.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 21(46) pp. 16364-16369.

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2015) 'A Family of {CrIII2LnIII2} Butterfly Complexes: Effect of the Lanthanide Ion on the Single-Molecule Magnet Properties.' Inorganic Chemistry, 54(21) pp. 10497-10503.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2015) 'Single-molecule magnetism in {CoIII2 DyIII2}-amine-polyalcohol-acetylacetonate complexes: Effects of ligand replacement at the DyIII sites on the dynamics of magnetic relaxation.' Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2(9) pp. 867-875.

    Xu, H., Wang, Q., Qin, J.H., Zang, S.Q., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Moubaraki, B., Batten, S.R., Mak, T.C.W. (2015) 'A cyclic dodecanuclear cobalt cluster based on a derivative of the rhodamine 6G dye with unusual magnetization..' Chem Commun (Camb), 51(64) pp. 12716-12719.

    Gupta, S.K., Dar, A.A., Rajeshkumar, T., Kuppuswamy, S., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G., Murugavel, R. (2015) 'Discrete {GdIII4M} (M = GdIII or CoII) pentanuclear complexes: A new class of metal-organophosphate molecular coolers.' Dalton Transactions, 44(13) pp. 5961-5965.

    Langley, S.K., Le, C., Ungur, L., Moubaraki, B., Abrahams, B.F., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2015) 'Heterometallic 3d-4f single-molecule magnets: ligand and metal ion influences on the magnetic relaxation..' Inorg Chem, 54(7) pp. 3631-3642.

    Vaidya, S., Upadhyay, A., Singh, S.K., Gupta, T., Tewary, S., Langley, S.K., Walsh, J.P.S., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G., Shanmugam, M. (2015) 'A synthetic strategy for switching the single ion anisotropy in tetrahedral Co(II) complexes..' Chem Commun (Camb), 51(18) pp. 3739-3742.

    Rajeshkumar, T., Annadata, H.V., Evangelisti, M., Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2015) 'Theoretical studies on polynuclear {CuII5GdIIIn} clusters (n = 4, 2): Towards understanding their large magnetocaloric effect.' Inorganic Chemistry, 54(4) pp. 1661-1670.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2015) 'What controls the magnetic exchange interaction in mixed- and homo-valent Mn7 disc-like clusters? A theoretical perspective..' Chemistry, 21(7) pp. 2881-2892.

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Vieru, V., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2015) 'The first 4d/4f single-molecule magnet containing a {Ru(III)2Dy(III)2} core..' Chem Commun (Camb), 51(11) pp. 2044-2047.

    Chesman, A.S.R., Turner, D.R., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Deacon, G.B., Batten, S.R. (2015) 'Synthesis and structure of new lanthanoid carbonate "lanthaballs"..' Inorg Chem, 54(3) pp. 792-800.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Tomasi, C., Evangelisti, M., Brechin, E.K., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'Synthesis, structure, and magnetism of a family of heterometallic {Cu2Ln7} and {Cu4Ln12} (Ln = Gd, Tb, and Dy) complexes: The Gd analogues exhibiting a large magnetocaloric effect.' Inorganic Chemistry, 53(24) pp. 13154-13161.

    Ahmed, N., Das, C., Vaidya, S., Srivastava, A.K., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Probing the magnetic and magnetothermal properties of M(ii)-Ln(iii) complexes (where M(ii) = Ni or Zn; Ln(iii) = la or Pr or Gd).' Dalton Transactions, 43(46) pp. 17375-17384.

    Langley, S.K., Forsyth, C.M., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'A fluoride bridged {CrIII4DyIII4} single molecule magnet.' Dalton Transactions, 44(3) pp. 912-915.

    Ahmed, N., Das, C., Vaidya, S., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Nickel(II)-lanthanide(III) magnetic exchange coupling influencing single-molecule magnetic features in {Ni2Ln2} complexes.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 20(44) pp. 14235-14239.

    Upadhyay, A., Singh, S.K., Das, C., Mondol, R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Enhancing the effective energy barrier of a Dy(iii) SMM using a bridged diamagnetic Zn(ii) ion.' Chemical Communications, 50(64) pp. 8838-8841.

    Upadhyay, A., Das, C., Meera, S.N., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Synthesis and magnetic properties of a 1-D helical chain derived from a Nickel-Sodium Schiff base complex.' Journal of Chemical Sciences, 126(5) pp. 1443-1449.

    Langley, S.K., Ungur, L., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'Single-molecule magnetism in a family of {CoIII2DyIII2} butterfly complexes: Effects of ligand replacement on the dynamics of magnetic relaxation.' Inorganic Chemistry, 53(9) pp. 4303-4315.

    Chilton, N.F., Deacon, G.B., Gazukin, O., Junk, P.C., Kersting, B., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Schleife, F., Shome, M., Turner, D.R., Walker, J.A. (2014) 'Structure, magnetic behavior, and anisotropy of homoleptic trinuclear lanthanoid 8-quinolinolate complexes.' Inorganic Chemistry, 53(5) pp. 2528-2534.

    Langley, S.K., Helliwell, M., Teat, S.J., Winpenny, R.E.P. (2014) 'Synthesis and characterization of nickel(II) phosphonate complexes utilizing pyridonates and carboxylates as co-ligands.' Inorganic Chemistry, 53(2) pp. 1128-1134.

    Upadhyay, A., Komatireddy, N., Ghirri, A., Tuna, F., Langley, S.K., Srivastava, A.K., Sañudo, E.C., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., McInnes, E.J.L., Affronte, M., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Synthesis and magnetothermal properties of a ferromagnetically coupled NiII-GdIII-NiII cluster.' Dalton Transactions, 43(1) pp. 259-266.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'Heterometallic tetranuclear {Mn2IIILn2III}n 1D coordination polymers: Employing sulfonate ligands as connecting groups.' Australian Journal of Chemistry, 67(11) pp. 1601-1606.

    Upadhyay, A., Das, C., Shanmugam, M., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Shanmugam, M. (2014) 'Electronic and magnetic properties of a Gadolinium(III) schiff base complex.' European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2014(26) pp. 4320-4325.

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Vieru, V., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'Modulation of slow magnetic relaxation by tuning magnetic exchange in {Cr2Dy2} single molecule magnets.' Chemical Science, 5(8) pp. 3246-3256.

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Moubaraki, B., Abrahams, B.F., Murray, K.S. (2014) 'Magnetic exchange effects in {CrIII2DyIII2} single molecule magnets containing alcoholamine ligands.' Australian Journal of Chemistry, 67(11) pp. 1581-1587.

    Vignesh, K.R., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Rajaraman, G. (2014) 'What Controls the Magnetic Exchange Interaction in Mixed- and Homo-Valent Mn7 Disc-Like Clusters? A Theoretical Perspective.' Chemistry - A European Journal,

    Langley, S.K., Wielechowski, D.P., Vieru, V., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Abrahams, B.F., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'A {CrIII2DyIII2} single-molecule magnet: Enhancing the blocking temperature through 3d magnetic exchange.' Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 52(46) pp. 12014-12019.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Anisotropy barrier enhancement via ligand substitution in tetranuclear (CoIII2LnIII2) single molecule magnets.' Chemical Communications, 49(62) pp. 6965-6967.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Single-molecule magnetism in three related {CoIII2DyIII2}-acetylacetonate complexes with multiple relaxation mechanisms.' Inorganic Chemistry, 52(12) pp. 7183-7192.

    Han, Y., Chilton, N.F., Li, M., Huang, C., Xu, H., Hou, H., Moubaraki, B., Langley, S.K., Batten, S.R., Fan, Y., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Post-synthetic monovalent central-metal exchange, specific I2 sensing, and polymerization of a catalytic [3×3] grid of [Cu II5CuI4L6]×(I) 2×13 H2O.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 19(20) pp. 6321-6328.

    Razali, M.R., Chilton, N.F., Urbatsch, A., Moubaraki, B., Langley, S.K., Murray, K.S., Deacon, G.B., Batten, S.R. (2013) 'Trinuclear and tetranuclear manganese clusters derived from cyano(imino(methoxy)methyl)nitrosomethanide (cmnm).' Polyhedron, 52pp. 797-803.

    Chilton, N.F., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Soncini, A., Batten, S.R., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Single molecule magnetism in a family of mononuclear β-diketonate lanthanide(iii) complexes: Rationalization of magnetic anisotropy in complexes of low symmetry.' Chemical Science, 4(4) pp. 1719-1730.

    Razali, M.R., Chesman, A.S.R., Chilton, N.F., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Deacon, G.B., Batten, S.R. (2013) 'Structure and magnetism of a mixed-valence octanuclear manganese(ii/iii) cluster derived from carbamoylcyanonitrosomethanide (ccnm).' Dalton Transactions, 42(5) pp. 1400-1405.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Trinuclear, octanuclear and decanuclear dysprosium(III) complexes: Synthesis, structural and magnetic studies.' Polyhedron, 64pp. 255-261.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2013) 'Magnetic properties of octa- and heptadeca-nuclear heterometallic Co II-LnIII complexes derived from the ligand 6-chloro-2-hydroxypyridine.' Polyhedron, 66pp. 48-55.

    Nematirad, M., Gee, W.J., Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Batten, S.R. (2012) 'Single molecule magnetism in a μ-phenolato dinuclear lanthanide motif ligated by heptadentate Schiff base ligands.' Dalton Transactions, 41(44) pp. 13711-13715.

    Ungur, L., Langley, S.K., Hooper, T.N., Moubaraki, B., Brechin, E.K., Murray, K.S., Chibotaru, L.F. (2012) 'Net toroidal magnetic moment in the ground state of a {Dy 6}-triethanolamine ring.' Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134(45) pp. 18554-18557.

    Langley, S.K., Helliwell, M., Teat, S.J., Winpenny, R.E.P. (2012) 'Synthesis and characterisation of cobalt(ii) phosphonate cage complexes utilizing carboxylates and pyridonates as co-ligands.' Dalton Transactions, 41(41) pp. 12807-12817.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Ungur, L., Moubaraki, B., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2012) 'Heterometallic tetranuclear [Ln III2Co III2] complexes including suppression of quantum tunneling of magnetization in the [Dy III2Co III2] single molecule magnet.' Inorganic Chemistry, 51(21) pp. 11873-11881.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2012) 'Unusual oxidation state distributions observed for two mixed-valence heptanuclear manganese disc-like clusters.' Dalton Transactions, 41(32) pp. 9789-9796.

    Razali, M.R., Urbatsch, A., Langley, S.K., MacLellan, J.G., Deacon, G.B., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Batten, S.R. (2012) 'Linear trinuclear copper(ii) complexes derived from the nucleophilic addition products of dicyanonitrosomethanide [C(CN) 2(NO)] -: Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties.' Australian Journal of Chemistry, 65(7) pp. 918-925.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2012) 'Magnetic properties of hexanuclear lanthanide(III) clusters incorporating a central μ 6-carbonate ligand derived from atmospheric CO 2 fixation.' Inorganic Chemistry, 51(7) pp. 3947-3949.

    Gass, I.A., Moubaraki, B., Langley, S.K., Batten, S.R., Murray, K.S. (2012) 'A π-π 3D network of tetranuclear μ2/μ3-carbonato Dy(iii) bis-pyrazolylpyridine clusters showing single molecule magnetism features.' Chemical Communications, 48(15) pp. 2089-2091.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2012) 'Structure and magnetic exchange in heterometallic 3d-3d transition metal triethanolamine clusters.' Dalton Transactions, 41(3) pp. 1033-1046.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Gass, I.A., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2011) 'Planar tetranuclear lanthanide clusters with the Dy4 analogue displaying slow magnetic relaxation.' Dalton Transactions, 40(47) pp. 12656-12659.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2011) 'Self-assembled decanuclear NaI2MnII4MnIII4 complexes: From discrete clusters to 1-D and 2-D structures, with the MnII4Mn III4 unit displaying a large spin ground state and probable SMM behaviour.' Dalton Transactions, 40(45) pp. 12201-12209.

    Langley, S.K., Ungur, L., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Chibotaru, L.F., Murray, K.S. (2011) 'Structure, magnetism and theory of a family of nonanuclear Cu II5LnIII4-triethanolamine clusters displaying single-molecule magnet behaviour.' Chemistry - A European Journal, 17(33) pp. 9209-9218.

    Langley, S.K., Stott, R.A., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2011) 'A high nuclearity mixed valence {Mn32} complex.' Chemical Communications, 47(22) pp. 6281-6283.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Moubaraki, B., Hooper, T., Brechin, E.K., Evangelisti, M., Murray, K.S. (2011) 'Molecular coolers: The case for [CuII5GdIII4].' Chemical Science, 2(6) pp. 1166-1169.

    Chilton, N.F., Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2010) 'Synthesis, structural and magnetic studies of an isostructural family of mixed 3d/4f tetranuclear 'star' clusters.' Chemical Communications, 46(41) pp. 7787-7789.

    Langley, S.K., Chilton, N.F., Massi, M., Moubaraki, B., Berry, K.J., Murray, K.S. (2010) 'Synthesis and characterization of homo- and heterovalent tetra- hexa- hepta- and decanuclear manganese clusters using pyridyl functionalized β-diketone, carboxylate and triethanolamine ligands.' Dalton Transactions, 39(31) pp. 7236-7249.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2010) 'A heptadecanuclear MnIII9DyIII8 cluster derived from triethanolamine with two edge sharing supertetrahedra as the core and displaying SMM behaviour.' Dalton Transactions, 39(21) pp. 5066-5069.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Berry, K.J., Murray, K.S. (2010) 'Supertetrahedral icosanuclear and ring-like decanuclear mixed valent manganese(ii/iii) triethanolamine clusters.' Dalton Transactions, 39(20) pp. 4848-4855.

    Langley, S.K., Moubaraki, B., Forsyth, C.M., Gass, I.A., Murray, K.S. (2010) 'Structure and magnetism of new lanthanide 6-wheel compounds utilizing triethanolamine as a stabilizing ligand.' Dalton Transactions, 39(7) pp. 1705-1708.

    Langley, S., Helliwell, M., Sessoli, R., Teat, S.J., Winpenny, R.E.P. (2009) 'Synthesis and structural and magnetic characterisation of cobalt(ii)-sodium phosphonate cage compounds.' Dalton Transactions, (16) pp. 3102-3110.

    Langley, S.K., Berry, K.J., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. (2009) 'Structure and magnetism of decanuclear and octadecanuclear manganese(II/III) triethanolamine clusters.' Journal of the Chemical Society. Dalton Transactions, (6) pp. 973-982.

    Langley, S., Helliwell, M., Sessoli, R., Teat, S.J., Winpenny, R.E.P. (2008) 'Synthesis and structural and magnetic characterization of cobalt(II) phosphonate cage compounds.' Inorganic Chemistry, 47(2) pp. 497-507.

    Langley, S.K., Helliwell, M., Sessoli, R., Rosa, P., Wernsdorfer, W., Winpenny, R.E.P. (2005) 'Slow relaxation of magnetization in an octanuclear cobalt(II) phosphonate cage complex.' Chemical Communications, pp. 5029-5031.

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