Dr Simon Christie

Dr Simon Christie

Research Fellow

My profile

Biography

Academic and professional qualifications

  • PhD from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST)
  • MSc in Instrumentation and Analytical Science from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology
  • BSc in Physics & Chemistry from the University of Manchester

Other academic service (administration and management)

  • PI charged with coordinating the MMU contributions to the TULIPS project (EU Green deal), the AVIATOR project (H2020), and the NewJet project (EPSRC).

Former projects include: JETSCREEN (H2020), RAPTOR (CS2), and ITAKA (EU FP7)

Expert reviewer for external funding bodies

Horizon 2020, EU Green Deal, Horizon Europe and EU Innovation Fund

Membership of professional associations

  • ASTM International D02 committee (Fuels & Lubricants)
  • Member of the ICAO CAEP
  • Jet Zero Council SAF Delivery group and SAF Mandate Sub-Group
  • Former Chair of the ECATS International Association
  • TRB sub-committee on alternative fuels
  • European Aeronautics Science network (EASN)
  • North West Royal Meteorological Society
  • Member of the UK Lidar Network

Professional activity 

Regular reviewer for Environmental Science & Technology, Atmospheric environment as well as Energies, and Fuel.

Get in touch

0161 247 1592
E436 John Dalton Building

Projects

Active Research Projects:

TULIPS (2022-2026). As part of the flagship European Green Deal, the project will develop and demonstrate at TRL6+ a wide range of low carbon mobility solutions and airport related infrastructure technologies. Working with key stakeholders from across the sector, the aim of this Innovation Action is to facilitate transformative change and substantially contribute to the reduction of GHG emissions. [EU H2020 Grant No. 101036996]

AVIATOR (2019-2022). Research & Innovation Action to advance multi-level measurement, modelling and assessment approaches to improve quantification and understanding of aircraft engine emissions. Working with the regulatory community, the project will develop improved guidance on measuring and modelling the impact of aircraft emissions on air quality under different climatic conditions with specific reference to UFP. [EU H2020 Grant No. 814801]

NewJet (2020-2023). The project, to progress the specifications for next generation high performance aviation fuels for 2040 and beyond, will elaborate the scientific evidence base for the development of robust policy frameworks, including key properties that impact safety, emissions, reliability and cost of ownership. [EPSRC Grant No. EP/S032118/1]

Former projects include:

JETSCREEN (2017-2020). Research & Innovation Action to develop screening and optimisation frameworks to link pre-commercial fuel producers, aircraft OEMs and policy makers to support the establishment of new fuel production pathways. [EU H2020 Grant No. 723525]

RAPTOR (2019-2022). The project aims to increase our understanding of the potential impact PM emissions have on public health. In addition, it will investigate the relationship between noise and emissions, and elaborate new methods to measure exhaust emissions. [EU Clean Sky 2 Grant No. 863969]

ITAKA (2012 - 2016). Research & Innovation Action to aid development of the value chain for sustainable aviation fuel, through the establishment of linkages between feedstock growers, biofuel producers, distributors and airline end-users. Outcomes of the project have been fundamental in overcoming key barriers to drive the greater provision and use of biofuels in the EU aviation. [EU FP7 Grant No. 308807]

Teaching

Postgraduate teaching

  • Undergraduate: Natural Resources and Pollution; Environmental sampling and emissions monitoring; sampling statistics; Fossil fuels & Sustainable alternative fuels.

  • Postgraduate: Aviation and the Environment (MSc); Sustainable Aviation (MSc).

Supervision

  • PhD: 3 Completions.
  • MSc: 2 Completions.
  • 3rd year projects: 3 completions.

Research outputs

  • Sustainable biofuels and alternative fuels in aviation.
  • The characterization of emissions from the combustion of alternative fuels.
  • The atmospheric impact of alternative fuels.
  • Local air quality: monitoring, remote sensing and health impacts.

  • Books (authored/edited/special issues)

    Kim, B.Y., Kazuni, N., Wayson, R., Christie, S., Paling, C., Bennett, M., Raper, D., Raps, V., Levy, J., Roof, C. (2015) Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports.

    Lobo, P., Whitefield, P.D., Hagen, D.E., Rye, L.J., Blakey, S., Wilson, C.W., Williams, P.I., Christie, S.M., Raper, D., Uryga-Bugajska, I., Pourkashanian, M. (2011) SAE E31 Methodology Development and Associated PM Emissions Characteristics of Aircraft APUs burning Conventional and Alternative Aviation Fuels.. The Partnership for AIR Transortation Noise and Emissions Reduction.

  • Reports

    Crayford, A., Johnson, M., Marsh, R., Sevcenco, Y., Walters, D., Williams, P., Christie, S.M., Chung, W., Petzold, A., Ibrahim, A., Delhaye, D., Quincey, P., Bowen, P., Coe, H., Raper, D., Wilson, C.W. (2011) SAMPLE III: Contribution to aircraft engine PM certification requirement and standard..

    Christie, S.M., Raper, D. (2011) In-service non-certification engine testing: Feasibility study’ SAMPLE III. Task 3C..

    Petzold, , Ibrahim, , Mocnik, , Hitzenberger, , Christie, , Vishnyakov, , Dobrosz, , Raper, , Lottin, , Delhaye, , Sevenco, , Crayford, , Johnson, (2011) Closure study on optical microphysical and chemical properties of combustion aerosols from a gas turbine combustor and from a diffusion flame.

    Crayford, A., Johnson, M., Marsh, R., Sevcenco, Y., Walters, D., Williams, P., Christie, S., Petzold, A., Chung, S., Ibrahim, A., Delhaye, D., Quincey, P., Bowen, P., Coe, H., Raper, D., Wilson, C. (2011) Studying, sampling and measuring of aircraft particulate Emission III. Final Report.

    Marsh, R., Crayford, A., Petzold, A., Johnson, M., Williams, P., Ibrahim, A., Kay, P., Morris, S., Delhaye, D., Lottin, D., Vancassel, X., Raper, D., Christie, S.M., Bennett, M., Miller, M., Svencenco, Y., Rojo, C., Bowen, P. (2010) Studying, sampling and measurement of aircraft particulate emissions II (SAMPLE II).

    Christie, S.M., Blakey, S., Wilson, C.W., Spalton, T., Chung, W., Raper, D., Li, H. (2010) SWAFEA Technical Report: Task 3300 APU engine tests.

    Graham, A., Raper, D., Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2006) Air quality at Heathrow airport: impact of emissions from aircraft in ground run and flight: Second Tech Report.

    Graham, A., Raper, D., Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2005) Air quality at Heathrow airport: impact of emissions from aircraft in ground run and flight: First Tech Report. www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/aviation/environmentalissues/secheatrowsustain/annexes111: DfT.

  • Journal articles

    Owen, B., Anet, J.G., Bertier, N., Christie, S., Cremaschi, M., Dellaert, S., Edebeli, J., Janicke, U., Kuenen, J., Lim, L., Terrenoire, E. (2022) 'Review: particulate matter emissions from aircraft.' Atmosphere, 13(8) pp. 1230-1230.

    Grewe, V., Gangoli Rao, A., Grönstedt, T., Xisto, C., Linke, F., Melkert, J., Middel, J., Ohlenforst, B., Blakey, S., Christie, S., Matthes, S., Dahlmann, K. (2021) 'Evaluating the climate impact of aviation emission scenarios towards the Paris agreement including COVID-19 effects.' Nature Communications, 12(1)

    Durand, E., Lobo, P., Crayford, A., Sevcenco, Y., Christie, S. (2020) 'Impact of fuel hydrogen content on non-volatile particulate matter emitted from an aircraft auxiliary power unit measured with standardised reference systems.' Fuel, 287pp. 119637-119637.

    Christie, S.M., Lobo, P., Lee, D., Raper, D. (2017) 'Gas Turbine Engine Nonvolatile Particulate Matter Mass Emissions: Correlation with Smoke Number for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Blends.' Environmental Science and Technology, 51(2) pp. 988-996.

    Lobo, P., Christie, S., Khandelwal, B., Blakey, S.G., Raper, D.W. (2015) 'Evaluation of Non-volatile Particulate Matter Emission Characteristics of an Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit with Varying Alternative Jet Fuel Blend Ratios.' Energy and Fuels, 29(11) pp. 7705-7711.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S. (2015) 'Observations of sea spray using a rapid-scanning Lidar.' Weather, 70(10) pp. 297-301.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S.M., Graham, A., Garry, K.P., Velikov, S., Poll, D.I., Smith, M.G., Mead, M.I., Popoola, O.A.M., Stewart, G.B., Jones, R.L. (2013) 'Abatement of an aircraft exhaust plume using aerodynamic baffles..' Environ Sci Technol, 47(5) pp. 2346-2352.

    Williams, P.I., Allan, J.D., Lobo, P., Coe, H., Christie, S., Wilson, C., Hagen, D., Whitefield, P., Raper, D., Rye, L. (2012) 'Impact of alternative fuels on emissions characteristics of a gas turbine engine - part 2: volatile and semivolatile particulate matter emissions..' Environ Sci Technol, 46(19) pp. 10812-10819.

    Lobo, P., Rye, L., Williams, P.I., Christie, S., Uryga-Bugajska, I., Wilson, C.W., Hagen, D.E., Whitefield, P.D., Blakey, S., Coe, H., Raper, D., Pourkashanian, M. (2012) 'Impact of alternative fuels on emissions characteristics of a gas turbine engine - part 1: gaseous and particulate matter emissions..' Environ Sci Technol, 46(19) pp. 10805-10811.

    Christie, S., Raper, D., Lee, D.S., Williams, P.I., Rye, L., Blakey, S., Wilson, C.W., Lobo, P., Hagen, D., Whitefield, P.D. (2012) 'Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from the combustion of alternative fuels in a gas turbine engine..' Environ Sci Technol, 46(11) pp. 6393-6400.

    Rye, L., Lobo, P., Williams, P.I., Uryga-Bugajska, I., Christie, S., Wilson, C., Hagen, D., Whitefield, P., Blakey, S., Coe, H., Raper, D., Pourkashanian, M. (2012) 'Inadequacy of optical smoke measurements for characterization of non-light absorbing particulate matter emissions from gas turbine engines.' Combustion Science and Technology, 184(12) pp. 2068-2083.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S.M., Graham, A., Thomas, B.S., Vishnyakov, V., Morris, K., Peters, D.M., Jones, R., Ansell, C. (2011) 'Composition of smoke generated by landing aircraft..' Environ Sci Technol, 45(8) pp. 3533-3538.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S. (2011) 'An application of backscatter Lidar to model the odour nuisance arising from aircraft tyre smoke.' International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 44(1-4) pp. 316-323.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S., Graham, A., Raper, D. (2010) 'Lidar observations of aircraft exhaust plumes.' Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 27(10) pp. 1638-1651.

    Graham, A., Bennett, M., Christie, S. (2008) 'Representing the dispersion of emissions from aircraft on runways.' Hrvatski Meteoroloski Casopis, 43 PART 2pp. 563-568.

    Bennett, M., Christie, S. (2007) 'Application of a Doppler optical coherence technique to boundary layer sounding.' Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 16(5) pp. 469-477.

    Vaughan, J., Hortin, N., Christie, S., Kvasnik, F., Scully, P.J. (2005) 'The characterization of photographic materials as substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.' JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS, 7(6) pp. S425-S431.

    Kalamatianos, D., Edmunds, J.M., Wellstead, P.E., Houston, R.J., Liatsis, P., Christie, S.M., Dewhurst, R.J., Thorniley, M.S. (2004) 'Dynamic alignment system for an FT-NIR michelson interferometer.' 2004 IEEE Symposium on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems, VECIMS, pp. 120-124.

    Christie, S.M., Kalamatianos, D., Houston, R., Edmunds, J., Wellstead, P., Liatsis, P., Thorniley, M., Dewhurst, R. (2004) 'A Portable FT-NIR Iinstrumentation for Life Science Measurements.' J. Biomedical Optics, 35

    Christie, S.M., Kalamatianos, D., Houston, R., Edmunds, J., Wellstead, P., Liatsis, P., Thorniley, M.S., Dewhurst, R. (2004) 'Characterization and Evaluation of Portable FT-NIR Iinstrumentation for Life Science Measurements.' pp. 35-42.

    Scorsone, E., Christie, S., Persaud, K.C., Kvasnik, F. (2004) 'Evanescent sensing of alkaline and acidic vapours using a plastic clad silica fibre doped with poly(o-methoxyaniline).' SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL, 97(2-3) pp. 174-181.

    Kalamatianos, D., Edmunds, J.M., Wellstead, P.E., Houston, R.J., Christie, S.M., Thorniley, M.S., Dewhurst, R.J. (2003) 'An Algorithm Development Environment for an On-line FT-NIR Spectrometer.' Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5201pp. 138-145.

    Scorsone, E., Christie, S., Persaud, K., Simon, P., Kvasnik, F. (2003) 'Fibre optic evanescent sensing of gaseous ammonia with a near infrared dye for leak detection.' OPTICS FOR THE QUALITY OF LIFE, PTS 1 AND 2, 4829pp. 978-979.

    Scorsone, E., Christie, S., Persaud, K.C., Simon, P., Kvasnik, F. (2003) 'Fibre-optic evanescent sensing of gaseous ammonia with two forms of a new near-infrared dye in comparison to phenol red.' SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL, 90(1-3) pp. 37-45.

    Christie, S., Scorsone, E., Persaud, K., Kvasnik, F. (2003) 'Remote detection of gaseous ammonia using the near infrared transmission properties of polyaniline.' SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL, 90(1-3) pp. 163-169.

    Christie, S.M., Haramis, H., Miyan, J.A., Thorniley, M.S. (2003) 'Novel Imaging system for NADH monitoring in hydrocephalus.' Acta Neurochimica, 144

    Christie, S., Kvasnik, F. (1997) 'Correlation and image recognition with surface-scattered light..' Appl Opt, 36(14) pp. 3013-3021.

    Christie, S.M., Kvasnik, F. (1996) 'Contrast enhancement of underwater images with coherent optical image processors..' Appl Opt, 35(5) pp. 817-825.

    CHRISTIE, S., HILL, S.L., BURY, B., GRAY, J.O., BOOTH, K.M. (1995) 'DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTI-DETECTING 2-DIMENSIONAL RANGING SENSOR.' MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 6(9) pp. 1301-1308.

    Christie, S., Valera, M.S.I., Kvasnik, F. (1989) 'Use of multiplexed holographic filters in coherent optical processors.' IEE Conference Publication, (311) pp. 164-168.

  • Non-peer reviewed articles / reviews

    AVIATOR, (2023) A multi-faceted approach to understanding aircraft emissions. Assessing aViation emission Impact on local Air quality at airports: TOwards Regulation..

    Barret, J., Christie, S., Dimitriu, D., Jurcoane, S., Moraru, A. (2018) Assessing Bioavailability of Metals in Biofuel Feedstocks and Implications for Contaminated Land Use Strategies.

  • Conference papers

    Christie, S. (2022) 'Assessing aviation emission impact on local air quality at airports: towards regulation.' In Transport Research Area (TRA). Lisbon, Portugal, 14/11/2022 - 18/11/2022.

    Ganeau, L., Delhaye, D., Ortega, I.K., Blanchet, P., Lalande, P., Hormigo, D., Sanchez-Valdepeñas, J., Moreno Gonzales, P., Javier Fernandez Orio, J., Crayford, A., Durand, E., Maroto, J., Sanz Riviera, D., Christie, S., Kilic, D., Williams, P., Johnson, M. (2022) 'AVIATOR Project – Methodology for on-wing measurement to characterize the evolution of the engine exhaust particle matter in the downstream plume.' In IAC conference. Athens, Greece, 4/9/2022 - 9/9/2022.

    Christie, S. (2019) 'Estimating fuel-water dissolution in conventional and alternative fuels.' In EASN conference. Athens, Greece, 3/9/2019 - 6/9/2019.

    Grewe, V., Blakey, S., Christie, S., Dahlmann, K., Gronstedt, T., Linke, F., Matthes, S., Melkert, J., Middel, J., Ohlenforst, B., Panidis, T., Rao, A. (2019) 'How large is the ICAO’s “Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation” reducing the climate impact of aviation? – An ECATS perspective.' In 9th EASN Conference. Athens, Greece, 3/9/2019 - 6/9/2019.

    Christie, S.M., Lobo, P., Raper, D.W. (2016) 'The impact of HEFA fuel blend ratio on gaseous emissions, smoke number and nvPM emissions.' In EASN Conference. Porto, Portugal, 18/10/2016 - 21/10/2016.

    Christie, S.M., Lobo, P., Raper, D. (2016) 'The impact of HEFA fuel blend ratio on gaseous emissions and smoke number in a small gas turbine.' In ITAKA Final Workshop. Madid, Spain, 12/9/2016 - 13/9/2016.

    Christie, S.M. (2015) 'Reports from Environmental Networks.' In Aircraft Noise and Emission reduction Symposium (ANERS).. La Rochelle, France., 22/9/2015 - 25/9/2015.

    Christie, S.M. (2015) 'Future of Alternative Fuels.' In Aircraft Noise and Emission reduction Symposium (ANERS). La Rochelle, France., 22/9/2015 - 25/9/2015.

    Lobo,, P., Christie, S.M., Kandelwal,, B., Blakey,, S., Hagen,, D., Whitefield,, P., Raper, D. (2015) 'Impact of alternative fuel blend ratios on the Non-volatile PM Emissions of an Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit.' In European Aerosol Conference (EAC).. Milan, Italy., 6/9/2015 - 11/9/2015.

    Christie, S.M., Blakey,, S., Le Clercq,, P., Matthes,, S., Schlager,, H., Lee, D.S., Raper, D., Wiesen,, P., Zarzalis,, N., Panidis,, T., Brok,, P. (2015) 'Research strategies for developing alternative fuels in aviation.' In 4th Conference on Transport, Atmosphere and climate (TAC).. Bad Kohlgrub, Germany., 22/6/2015 - 25/6/2015.

    Barrett, J., Christie, S.M., McKendry,, D., Jurcoane,, S., Moraru,, A. (2014) 'Degraded and Contaminated Land: Remediation and Use.' In International conference: Agriculture for life. Bucharest, Romania., 5/6/2014 - 7/6/2014.

    Christie, S.M. (2013) 'The ITAKA Project.' In Aviation Environmental Research Update Symposium. Sustainable Aviation.. London Heathrow, UK, 6/12/2013 - 6/12/2013.

    Christie, S.M., Raper, D., Lee, D.S. (2012) 'The atmospheric impacts of alternative fuels in aviation.' In 2nd EASN workshop on flight physics and propulsion. Prague, 31/10/2012 - 2/11/2012.

    Christie, S.M., Raper, D. (2011) 'Atmospheric impact of alternative fuels in aviation.' In ECATS Symposium. Valencia, Spain., 22/11/2011 - 24/11/2011.

    Petzold, A., Ibrahim, A., Dobovicnik, T., Mocnik, G., Hitzenberger, R., Vishnyakov, V., Dobrosz, P., Christie, S.M., Raper, D., Lottin, D., Delhaye, D., Marsh, R., Sevcenco, Y., Crayford, A., Johnson, M. (2011) 'Closure study on optical microphysical and chemical properties of combustion aerosols from a gas turbine combustor and from a diffusion flame.' In ICCPA. Vienna, 26/6/2011 - 29/6/2011.

    Williams, P.I., Christie, S.M., Lobo, P., Hagen, D.E., Whitefield, P.D., Wilson, C.W., Coe, H., Raper, D. (2010) 'Organic aerosol speciation of different fuels from an APU.' In IAC 2010, International Aerosol Conference. Helsink, 29/8/2010 - 3/9/2010.

    Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2010) 'Lidar observations of ship plumes in the English Channel.' In 18th Int. Symp. Transport & Air Poll. Zürich, Switzerland., 18/5/2010 - 19/5/2010.

    Christie, S.M., Schafer, K., Emeis, S., Jahn, C., Hoffmann, M., Heyder, C., Hass, F., Helmis, C., Scouros, G., Kurtenbach, R., Niedojadlo, A., Wiesen, P., Bennett, B., Graham, A., Anamaterou, E., O'Conner, M. (2009) 'Airport air quality data bank for modelling studies.' In 3rd conf. Environment & Transport and 17th conference Transport & Air Pollution symposium. oulouse, France., 3/6/2009 - 4/6/2009.

    Graham, A., Bennett, M., Christie, S.M. (2008) 'Representing the dispersion of emissions from aircraft on runways.' In 12th Int. Conf. on Harmonization within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes.. Cavtat, Croatia., 6/10/2008 - 9/10/2008.

    Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2007) 'An application of backscatter Lidar to model the odour nuisance arising from aircraft tyre smoke.' In 11th Int. Conf. on Harmonization within Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling for Regulatory Purposes.. Cambridge, UK., 2/7/2007 - 5/7/2007.

    Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2007) 'Doppler Lidar measurements using a fibre optic system.' In State of the art of Remote Wind Speed Sensing Techniques using Sodar, Lidar and Satellites. 51st IEA Topical Expert Meeting,. Risø, Roskilde, Denmark., 1/1/2007 - 5/1/2007.

    Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2006) 'Optical Measurements of Pollution Dispersion at Commercial Airports.' In Photon 06. Manchester, UK, 4/9/2006 - 7/9/2006.

    Christie, S., Bennett, M., Graham, A., Raper, D. (2006) 'Lidar Monitoring of Aircraft Emissions for Environmental Air Quality.' In Photon 06. Photon 06, Manchester, UK. Sept 2006., 4/9/2006 - 7/9/2006.

    Christie, S.M., Bennett, M. (2006) 'Doppler Lidar Measurements Using a Fibre Optic System.' In Met Soc.. Garmish, Austria., 3/7/2006 - 6/7/2006.

    Christie, S.M., Vaughan, J., Kvasnik, F., Scully, P. (2004) 'Practical Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman and Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.' In Photon 04. Glasgow, UK., 6/9/2004 - 9/9/2004.

    Christie, S.M., Bahir, Z., Miller, J., Miyan, J., Thorniley, M.S. (2004) 'Impaired Oxygen Utilisation in Hydrocephalus: a non-invasive Study.' In Soc for Hydrocephalus & Spina bifida. Dublin, Ireland., 2004 -

    Christie, S.M., Kalamatianos, D., Edmunds, J., Wellstead, P., Thorniley, M.S., Dewhurst, R. (2003) 'Development Environments for an On-line FT-NIR Spectrometer.' In SPIE. San Diego, USA., 2003 -

    Christie, S.M., Allen, D., Thorniley, M.S., Wellstead, P., Dewhurst, R. (2002) 'Development and Evaluation of FT-NIR Instrumentation for Clinical Applications.' In Photon02. Cardiff, UK., 2002 -

    Christie, S.M., Huot, E., Haramis, H., Thorniley, M.S. (2002) 'NADH fluorescence imaging: Signal correction.' In 30th ISOTT, Manchester.. Manchester, UK., 2002 -

    Christie, S.M., Haramis, H., Thorniley, M. (2002) 'The effect of sodium pentobarbitone administration on liver metabolism: An assessment using in vivo fluorescence imaging.' In ISOTT. Manchester, UK., 2002 -

    Christie, S.M., Scorsone, E., Persaud, K., Simon, P., Kvasnik, F. (2002) 'Optical Sensing of Gaseous Ammonia with New Reagents.' In Europtrode VI.. Manchester, UK., 2002 -

    Christie, S.M., Scorsone, E., Persaud, K., Kvasnik, F. (2002) 'The Characterisation of Conducting Polymers for the Remote Measurement of Gaseous Ammonia.' In Europtrode VI.. Manchester, UK., 2002 -

    Christie, S.M., Haramis, H., Fothergill, T., Thorniley, M.S. (2000) 'NADH fluorescence imaging.' In ISOTT.. Nijmegan, Netherlands, 2000 -

    Cai, X.Y., Christie, S., Kvasnik, F. (1991) 'Micro-pattern recognition using a microscope coherent optical processor (M-COP).' pp. 226-230.

    Christie, S., Cai, X.Y., Kvasnik, F. (1991) 'Interference effects and the occurrence of blind spots in coherent optical processors.' 1507. pp. 202-209.

  • Presentations

    Christie, S. (2021) Assessing aviation emission impacts on local air quality at airports and routes towards regulation. [Presentation] https://www.ermes-group.eu/web/,26/5/2021.