Dr John Lever
Dr John Lever BA (Hons), MSc, PGCHE, PhD
Reader, Sustainable and Resilient Communities
My profile
Biography
John is an interdisciplinary social scientist with a background in sociology, human geography and management. Before moving to MMU, he worked in the Department of Management at the University of Huddersfield, where he was Director of the SURGE Research Centre. Under John’s leadership, SURGE developed a significant programme of funded research, external collaborations, and events.
Before this, John worked in the School of Geography and Planning at Cardiff University, playing a key role in a number of EU funded projects, including Welfare Quality and Dialrel. He also worked at Cities Research Centre at UWE: Bristol, where he completed an ESRC funded PhD in Public Policy and worked on a number national policy evaluations.
Throughout this period, John’s research interests revolved around sustainable communities and sustainable food systems. His current research interests revolve around sustainable regional food systems, religious food markets, and refugee entrepreneurs. John has been commissioned by a range of NGOs, local authorities, and food certification bodies in the UK and beyond, and has completed work funded by the EU and BA/Leverhulme, among others. The question driving much of his research is: ‘What can food tell us about people, place and politics?’
Before he became an academic, John worked for Oxfam in fair trade for a number of years.
Impact
John has engaged widely with commercial, public sector, and religious stakeholders.
Through his work on religious food markets, he advises a number of food certification bodies, corporate retailers, and public sector agencies. John’s work with the British Veterinary Association directly influenced policies to make the meat industry more transparent by improving animal welfare at slaughter, preventing meat from non-stunned animals being imported into the UK, and encouraging dialogue with religious communities.
John’s work on sustainable regional food systems in the north of England during the the Covid-19 health pandemic led to work with Public Health England and an invitation to chair the Kirklees Food Partnership in West Yorkshire (2021-2023). This work is continuing through the South Pennines Food Circle, an initiative set up with AHRC Impact Acceleration funding. Another spin off from this work is the Dark Woods Guide to Composting for food service businesses, which has resulted in coffee shops in West Yorkshire and beyond providing compost for local food growing.
John has also run successful public engagement activities to strengthen relationships between micro/small businesses and the communities they serve.
Projects
Selected recent funded and commissioned research:
- Cooperative Business Impacts, Kirklees Council and the Cooperative Councils Innovation Network (CCIN) with Catherine Brentnall & Gareth Downing (2023-2024)
- Landscape Recovery: First Round, Natures Holme, Defra (Co-I) (2022-2024)
- The value of the halal sector from farm to fork to the UK economy, Halal Monitoring Committee (HMC) (PI) (2022-2023)
- Conscious Composting, with Dark Woods Coffee & Leigh Morland, University of Leeds, CoP26 Legacy Funding (Co-PI) (2022-2023)
- A Better Future: Understanding Refugee Entrepreneurship (BFURE) BA/Leverhulme (Co-I) (2018-2020)
John has also conducted work funded and supported by The European Commission; The Academy of Marketing; The Office for Civil Society; Kirklees Council; Destitution Concern Bradford; BHA for Equality in Health and Social Care, Manchester; The Dubai [Halal] Accreditation Centre (DAC), and; The Jordanian Hashemite Fund for Human Development (JOHUD).
Teaching
In general, John’s teaching focusses on business and climate change, animal welfare, circular economy, and food system sustainability. He also has an interest in innovative qualitative research methods.
Supervision
John has supervised 6 PhD students and 2 MSc Research students to completion on topics as diverse as Food Waste in Schools, Halal Supply Chains in Iran, and Fast Fashion. He has examined 9 PhDs. John is interested in supervising students in any of his areas of research interest. His newest student is looking at Circular Economy and Muslim Consumers in the UK.
If you would like discuss PhD study, please get in touch with John or the university directly.
Research outputs
John has published in a range of leading journals, including Sociology, Regional Studies, Cities, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, and Environment and Planning A, all of which reflect the interdisciplinary nature of his research. He has also given over 60 talks and conference presentations.
John has also published three jointly edited books and a jointly edited book collection; two more jointly edited collections are on the way. Religion, regulation, consumption: Globalising kosher and halal markets (Lever and Fischer, 2018) is in the Manchester Religious Studies collection.
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Books (authored/edited/special issues)
Lever, J., Smith Maguire, J., Kapek-Goodridge, A. (2024) Towards an Eliasian understanding of food in the 21st century: Established foundations and new directions,. Palgrave Macmillan.
Lever, J., Fischer, J. (2018) Kosher and Halal Business Compliance. Routledge.
Lever, J., Fischer, J. (2018) Religion, regulation, consumption: globalising kosher and halal markets. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Knight, J., Lever, J., Thompson, A. (2017) Labour, Mobility and Temporary Migration A Comparative Study of Polish Migration to Wales. University of Wales Press.
Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (2016) Halal Matters: Islam, Politics and Markets in Global Perspective. London: Routledge.
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Chapters in books
Lever, J., Fuseini, A., Gittens, P. (2025) 'The Sacrificial Lambs of Brexit: Sheep Farmers, Food Security and Climate Change.' In Espeter, L.M., Hering, L. (ed.) Commodity Chains under Pressure: Resilience through Coping, Adaptation, and Transformation. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, pp. 00-00.
Lever, J. (2024) 'Informalisation and Food Choice: Understanding Halal Food Production and Consumption in ‘the West’.' In Lever, J., Smith Maguire, J., Kapek-Goodridge, A. (ed.) Towards an Eliasian Understanding of Food in the 21st Century: Established Foundations and New Directions. Palgrave Macmillan Cham,
Lever, J. (2024) 'Contemporary Social Processes: Towards Ecological Food Utopias.' In Lever, J., Smith Maguire, J., Kapek-Goodridge, A. (ed.) Contemporary Social Processes: Towards Ecological Food Utopias.. Palgrave Macmillan Cham,
Lever, J., Smith Maguire, J. (2024) 'Towards an Eliasian Understanding of Food in the Twenty-First Century.' In Lever, J., Smith Maguire, J., Kapek-Goodridge, A. (ed.) Towards an Eliasian Understanding of Food in the 21st Century. Palgrave Studies on Norbert Elias.. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham,
Lever, J., Ozgoren Kinli, I. (2024) 'Between family and friends: honor, shame, and the politics of eating and drinking among South Asian British Muslims.' In Yakin, A.U., Duderija, A., Raemdonck, A.V. (ed.) Shame, Modesty, and Honor in Islam. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 181-196.
Lever, J., Fuseini, A. (2022) 'Halal Slaughter.' Routledge Handbook of Islamic Ritual and Practice. Routledge,
Al-Teinaz, Y.R., Regenstein, J.M., Lever, J., Katme, A.M., Unsdorfer, S. (2020) 'The Halal and Kosher food experience in the UK.' In Al-Teinaz, Y.R., Spear, S., Abd El-Rahim, I.H.A. (ed.) The Halal Food Handbook. Wiley, pp. 333-341.
Pointing, J., Ramadan Al-Teinaz, Y., Lever, J., Critchley, M., Spear, S. (2020) 'Food Fraud.' In Al-Teinaz, Y.R., Spear, S., Abd El-Rahim, I.H.A. (ed.) The Halal Food Handbook. Wiley, pp. 321-329.
Miele, M., Lever, J., Evans, A. (2020) 'Establishing a dialogue between science, society and religion about religious slaughter: the experience of the European funded project Dialrel.' In Al-Teinaz, Y.R., Spear, S., Abd El-Rahim, I.H.A. (ed.) The Halal Food Handbook. Wiley, pp. 343-351.
Lever, J., Swailes, S. (2019) 'Paralysing rebellion: figurations, celebrity, and power in elite talent management.' In Adamsen, B., Swailes, S. (ed.) Managing Talent: Understanding Critical Perspectives. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 35-51.
Lever, J., Wood, A., Meaton, J., Mswaka, W. (2017) 'PRME and the Centre for Sustainable and Resilient Communities.' Inspirational Guide for the Implementation of PRME. Routledge, pp. 55-60.
Lever, J., Swailes, S. (2017) 'Ballet for the Sun King: power, talent and organisation.' In Connolly, J., Dolan, P. (ed.) The Social Organization of Marketing: a figurational approach to people, organisations, and markets. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 143-169.
Lever, J., Evans, A. (2017) 'Corporate social responsibility and farm animal welfare: towards sustainable development in the food industry?.' In Idowu, S.O., Vertigans, S. (ed.) Stages of Corporate Social Responsibility: from ideas to impacts. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 205-222.
Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (2016) 'Introduction: Studying the politics of global halal markets.' In Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (ed.) Halal Matters: Islam, Politics and Markets in Global Perspective. London: Routledge, pp. 1-18.
Attar, M., Lohi, K., Lever, J. (2016) 'Remembering the spirit of halal: an Iranian perspective.' In Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (ed.) Halal Matters: Islam, politics and markets in global perspective. London: Routledge, pp. 55-71.
Lever, J. (2016) 'Re-imagining Malaysia: a postliberal halal strategy?.' In Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (ed.) Halal Matters: Islam, Politics and Markets in Global Perspective. London: Routledge, pp. 19-37.
Lever, J., Anil, H. (2016) 'From an implicit to an explicit understanding: new definitions of halal in Turkey.' In Bergeaud-Blackler, F., Fischer, J., Lever, J. (ed.) Halal Matters: Islam, Politics and Markets in Global Perspective. London: Routledge, pp. 38-54.
Miele, M., Lever, J. (2014) 'Improving animal welfare in Europe: cases of comparative bio-sustainabilities.' In Marsden, T., Morley, A. (ed.) Sustainable Food Systems: building a new paradigm. London: Routledge, pp. 143-165.
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Media
Refai, D., Lever, J., Haloub, R. (2024) Entrepreneurship in constrained immigration contexts – the liminal integration of Syrian refugees.
Vandeventer, J.S., Lever, J. (2021) The Shiso trout aquaponics farm: A circular biowaste experiment in West Yorkshire.
Lever, J. (2021) Beyond food waste: the potential for regional circular biowaste economies.
Lever, J. (2020) Farm shops and food system resilience in a time of crisis.
Lever, J. (2019) Respecting Planetary Boundaries.
Lever, J., Barraclough, A. (2019) Engineering an energy transition: towards a circular economy.
Lever, J. (2018) Debating religious slaughter over 200 years: from spatial concealment to social controversy.
Lever, J. (2018) Where do you fit in the circular economy?.
Lever, J. (2017) The road to no-where: The invisibility of migrant labour in the meat-processing industry.
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Reports
Brentnall, C., Lever, J., Downing, G. (2024) Evidence of Cooperative Business Impacts – a Realist Perspective. Co-operative Councils Innovation Network.
Lever, J., Dastgiar, S., Fuseini, A. (2024) The value of the halal sector to the UK economy: from farm to fork. Halal Monitoring Committee.
Lever, J., Haq, M., Wilkinson, S. (2023) Engagement with micro business and the communities they serve in Kirklees..
Lever, J. (2023) First Meeting of the South Pennines Food Circle Report. South Pennines Food Circle.
Lever, J., Blake, M., Newton, D., Downing, G. (2021) A "Safe" and "Just" Regional Food System. University of Huddersfield.
Refai, D., Lever, J., Haloub, R. (2021) A Better Future? Understanding Refugee Entrepreneurship. University of Leeds.
Lever, J., Cheetham, F., McEachern, M. (2018) Supermarket food waste: prevent, redistribute, share: towards a circular economy?. University of Huddersfield.
Miele, M., Lever, J., Downing, G., Anil, H., Bilge, I. (2018) Consumer Survey Report: comparing Halal requirements for labelling food and cosmetics in United Arab Emirates (UAE) and United Kingdom (UK). Dubai Accreditation Centre (DAC).
Lever, J., Coslet,, A., Hesselden, F. (2016) Developing a strong and sustainable food economy in Kirklees. Kirklees Council.
Cheetham, F., Lever, J. (2015) Welcome Centre Case Study Report and Evaluation of sharing 'space'. Kirklees Council.
Lever, J., Cheetham, F. (2015) Turnstead Community Centre Case Study report and Evaluation of sharing 'skills'. Kirklees Council.
Cheetham, F., Lever, J. (2015) Bromley Park Case Study Report and Evaluation of sharing 'stuff'. Kirklees Council.
Jones, L., Lever, J. (2014) Migrant Workers in Rural Wales and the South Wales Valleys. Wales Rural Observatory.
Lever, J. (2012) A report into the impact of multi-agency work supporting Roma children in education. BHA for Equality and Health and Social Care.
Lever, J. (2012) No return, no asylum: destitution as a way of life? The extent and impact of destitution amongst asylum seekers in Bradford. Desitution Concern Bradford.
Lever, J., De La Bellacasa, M.P., Miele, M., Higgen, M. (2010) From the slaughterhouse to the consumer: transparency and information in the distribution of Halal and Kosher meat. School of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University.
Bock, B., Swagemakers, P., Lever, J., Montanari, C., Ferrari, P. (2010) Farmers' experiences of the farm assessment: interviews with farmers. Cardiff University.
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Journal articles
Morland, L., Lever, J. (2025) 'Turn the handle everyday: developing circular practices in hospitality through auto action learning.' Action Learning: Research and Practice,
Refai, D., Lever, J., Haloub, R. (2024) 'Entrepreneurship in constrained immigration contexts – the liminal integration of Syrian refugees.' Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 36(3-4) pp. 416-435.
Miele, M., Lever, J., Evans, A., Fuseini, A. (2024) 'Situating halal: religiosity, identity and lifestyle in halal consumption in the United Kingdom and United Arab Emirates.' Consumption and Society, 3(1) pp. 37-55.
Lever, J., Swailes, S. (2023) 'Becoming and staying talented: a figurational analysis of organization, power and control.' Ephemera: theory and politics in organization, 23(2) pp. 61-84.
Fuseini, A., Miele, M., Lever, J. (2023) 'Poultry welfare at slaughter.' Poultry, 2(1) pp. 98-110.
Lever, J., Vandeventer, J.S., Miele, M. (2023) 'The ontological politics of kosher food: between strict orthodoxy and global markets.' Environment and Planning A, 55(2) pp. 255-273.
Lever, J., Sonnino, R. (2022) 'Food system transformation for sustainable city-regions: exploring the potential of circular economies.' Regional Studies, 56(12) pp. 2019-2031.
Lever, J., Blake, M., Newton, D., Downing, G. (2022) 'Working across boundaries in regional place-based food systems: triggering transformation in a time of crisis.' Cities, 130
Gittins, P., McElwee, G., Lever, J. (2022) 'Constrained entrepreneurship in UK agriculture: A Weberian analysis.' Journal of Rural Studies, 95pp. 495-504.
Fuseini, A., Teye, M., Lever, J. (2022) 'An update on halal slaughter: Current methods and ongoing research on halal meat production techniques and their implications for animal welfare.' Animal Welfare, 31(2) pp. 269-276.
Fuseini, A., Lever, J. (2021) 'Sustainable livestock agriculture from Islamic perspective.' CABI Reviews, 2021
Cheetham, F., Lever, J.B. (2021) 'People, power and politics: Developing a public sector sharing economy.' Geoforum, 126pp. 244-252.
Lever, J. (2020) 'Understanding halal food production and consumption in 'the West'. Beyond dominant narratives.' Cambio. Rivista sulle tras- formazioni sociali, 9(19)
Lever, J. (2019) 'Halal meat and religious slaughter: from spatial concealment to social controversy – Breaching the boundaries of the permissible?.' Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 37(5) pp. 889-907.
Lever, J., Sonnino, R., Cheetham, F. (2019) 'Reconfiguring local food governance in an age of austerity: towards a place-based approach?.' Journal of Rural Studies, 69pp. 97-105.
Refai, D., Haloub, R., Lever, J. (2018) 'Contextualizing entrepreneurial identity among Syrian refugees in Jordan: the emergence of a destabilized habitus?.' International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19(4) pp. 250-260.
Lever, J., Powell, R. (2017) ''Problems of involvement and detachment': Norbert Elias and the investigation of contemporary social processes.' Human Figurations, 6(2)
Powell, R., Lever, J. (2017) 'Europe’s perennial ‘outsiders’: a processual approach to Roma stigmatization and ghettoization.' Current Sociology, 65(5) pp. 680-699.
McElwee, G., Smith, R., Lever, J. (2017) 'Illegal activity in the UK halal (sheep) supply chain: towards greater understanding.' Food Policy, 69pp. 166-175.
Lever, J., Milbourne, P. (2017) 'The Structural Invisibility of Outsiders: The Role of Migrant Labour in the Meat-Processing Industry.' Sociology, 51(2) pp. 306-322.
Knight, J., Thompson, A., Lever, J. (2017) 'Social network evolution during long-term migration: a comparison of three case studies in the South Wales region.' Social Identities, 23(1) pp. 56-70.
Flint, J., Atkinson, R., Ferrari, E., Gore, T., Lever, J. (2016) 'Loic Wacquant Commentaries.' People, Place and Policy Online, 10(2) pp. 174-184.
Lever, J., Knight, J., Thompson, A. (2014) 'The labour market mobility of Polish migrants: a comparative study of three regions in South Wales, UK.' Central and Eastern European Migration Review, 3(2)
Lever, J., Milbourne, P. (2014) 'Migrant workers and migrant entrepreneurs: changing established/outsider relations across society and space?.' Space and Polity, 18(3) pp. 255-268.
Lever, J., Smith, I. (2013) 'Learning to build sustainable communities: an interdependency network perspective.' People, Place and Policy Online, 7(3) pp. 113-126.
Lever, J. (2013) 'The postliberal politics of halal: new trajectories in the civilizing process?.' Human Figurations: Long-term Perspectives on the Human Condition, 2(3) pp. 1-16.
Miele, M., Lever, J. (2013) 'Civilizing the market for welfare friendly products in Europe? The techno-ethics of the Welfare Quality® assessment.' Geoforum, 48pp. 63-72.
Lever, J., Miele, M. (2012) 'The growth of halal meat markets in Europe: an exploration of the supply side theory of religion.' Journal of Rural Studies, 28(4) pp. 528-537.
Howard, J., Lever, J. (2011) ''New governance spaces': what generates a participatory disposition in different contexts?.' Voluntary Sector Review, 2(1) pp. 77-95.
Lever, J. (2011) 'Urban regeneration partnerships: A figurational critique of governmentality theory.' Sociology, 45(1) pp. 86-101.
Taylor, M., Howard, J., Lever, J. (2010) 'Citizen participation and civic activism in comparative perspective.' Journal of Civil Society, 6(2) pp. 145-164.
Shaftoe, H., Turksen, U., Lever, J., Williams, S.J. (2007) 'Dealing with terrorist threats through a crime prevention and community safety approach.' Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 9(4) pp. 291-307.
Lever, J. (2005) 'Governmentalisation and local strategic partnerships: whose priorities?.' Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 23(6) pp. 907-922.
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Conference papers
Brentnall, C., Lever, J. (2023) 'Thinking with The Doughnut - Introducing Planetary Boundaries to Enterprise Education.' 7/11/2023 - 9/11/2023. Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship (ISBE),
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Presentations
Lever, J. (2024) A report on the value of the UK Halal sector. [Presentation] Online,22/3/2024.
Lever, J. (2023) Sustainable Local Food. [Presentation] Online,18/11/2023.
Lever, J. (2023) Food and Agriculture in the Holme Valley Post-Brexit. [Presentation] Civic Hall, Holmfirth, Huddersfield,8/6/2023.
Lever, J. (2022) Resilient regional food systems during the pandemic. [Presentation] University of Huddersfield,16/9/2022.
Lever, J. (2022) A safe and just transition: exploring the potential for circular food economies. [Presentation] The Global Food and Environment Institute (GFEI) Seminar, University of Leeds,22/6/2022.
Lever, J. (2022) Exploring the potential of circular food economies. [Presentation] University of Exeter,8/3/2022.
Lever, J. (2022) Doughnut Economics Workshop. [Presentation] 2/3/2022.
Lever, J. (2021) A Safe and Just Regional Food System. [Presentation] Online,21/7/2021.
Lever, J. (2020) Supporting a resilient food system and why this is important. [Presentation] Online,28/9/2020.
Lever, J. (2020) Regional Food System Resilience post Covid-19. [Presentation] https://yorkshireuniversities.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2020/11/Webinar-3-full-slide-pack.pdf, 15/7/2020.
Lever, J., Lever, J. (2018) Debating Religious Slaughter Over 200 Years: From Spatial Concealment to Social Controversy?. [Presentation] ExCel Arena, London,16/11/2018.
Lever, J. (2018) The world is changing: SMART urban vertical farms. [Presentation] Morrisons HQ, Bradford,15/10/2018.
Lever, J. (2018) Consuming Halal in the Age of Globalised Mass Production: Compound Practice - Knowing What to Eat. [Presentation] Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) Research Institute in Religions, Societies, Cultures, Spiritualities (RSCS) Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium,19/6/2018.
Lever, J. (2017) Kosher and Halal meat: Concerns over Animal Welfare, Migration and Integration?. [Presentation] Sheffield Hallam University,
Lever, J. (2015) Economic and Sustainable Growth in Kirklees – an Academic Perspective. [Presentation] Town Hall, Huddersfield,5/2/2015.
Lever, J., Hardaker, G. (2013) Re-imagining Malaysia: a post-liberal Halal strategy?. [Presentation] 8/11/2013.
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Other
Lever, J. (2023) Book review: Shariah and the halal industry.
Lever, J. (2020) Covid-19 policy brief: a regional approach to food system reform.
Lever, J., de la Bellacasa, M.P. (2010) Factsheet: The development of halal and kosher meat markets in the UK.
Taylor, M., Howard, J., Harris, V., Lever, J., Mateeva, A., Miller, C., Petrov, R., Serra, L. (2009) Dilemmas of engagement: the experience of non-governmental actors in new governance spaces.
Lever, J., Grimshaw, L. (2008) Citizens’ participation in policy-making [in Europe].
Lever, J. (2005) Mainstreaming Regeneration.